AN APPLICATION OF DENSITY-ESTIMATION TO GEOGRAPHICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY

被引：199

作者：

BITHELL, JF

机构：

[1] Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OXI 3TG, I South Parks Road

来源：

STATISTICS IN MEDICINE | 1990年 / 9卷 / 06期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1002/sim.4780090616

中图分类号：

Q [生物科学];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

A relative risk function over a geographical region is defined and it is shown that it can be estimated effectively using kernel density estimation separately for the spatial distribution of disease cases and for a sample of controls. This procedure is demonstrated using data on childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant in Cumbria, U.K. Various modifications to the method are proposed, including the use of an adaptive kernel. The final plot demonstrates a sharp peak at Sellafield and a reasonably smooth surface over the rest of the region, despite the small number of cases in the series. Copyright © 1990 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

引用

页码：691 / 701

页数：11

共 10 条

[1]

Cook-Mozaffari P.J., Darby S.C., Doll R., Forman D., Hermon C., Pike M.C., Vincent T., Geographical variation in mortality from leukaemia and other cancers in England and Wales in relation to proximity to nuclear installations, 1969–78, British Journal of Cancer, 59, pp. 476-485, (1989)

[2]

Gardner M.J., Winter P.D., Mortality in Cumberland during 1959–78 with reference to cancer in young people around Windscale, Lancet, 1, pp. 216-221, (1984)

[3]

Bithell J.F., Stone R.A., On statistical methods for analysing the geographical distribution of cancer cases near nuclear installations, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 43, 1, pp. 79-85, (1989)

[4]

Knox E.G., The detection of space‐time interactions, Applied Statistics, 13, pp. 25-29, (1964)

[5]

Silverman B.W., Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis, (1986)

[6]

Tobler W.R., Smooth pycnophylactic interpolation for geographical regions, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74, 367, pp. 519-535, (1979)

[7]

(1983)

[8]

Black D., Investigation of the Possible Increased Incidence of Cancer in West Cumbria, (1984)

[9]

SAS/GRAPH User's Guide, (1985)

[10]

Openshaw S., Craft A.W., Charlton M., Birch J.M., Investigation of leukaemia clusters by use of a geographical analysis machine, Lancet, 1, pp. 272-273, (1988)

← 1 →