Recognizing and Treating Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis is a common childhood disorder. it is responsible for almost 6 million physician office visits annually. Tonsillitis has multiple etiologies, most commonly viruses and bacteria. Approximately 30% to 40% of tonsillitis cases in children can be attributed to a bacterial cause. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus is the most common bacterial pathogen causing tonsillitis and the only source warranting antibiotic treatment. Treatment is usually a 10-day course of penicillin; however, penicillin failure is a concern. Complications of tonsillitis can be classified as suppurative and nonsuppurative. Antibiotic treatment is important in preventing such complications from occurring.