ELECTROCHROMISM OF 3D-TRANSITION METAL-OXIDES

Thin films of 3d transition metal oxides, TiO(x), MnO(x), CrO(x), CoO(x) and NiO(x), were prepared by electron-beam evaporation. These films showed electrochromic behavior in a non-aqueous electrolyte such as 1M LiClO4/gamma-butylolactone. Structural, electrochromic and electrochemical properties were studied. Among these 3d metal oxides, NiO(x) and TiO(x) films were found to be most promising for ion storage oxides in terms of cyclic stability. Particularly, it was found that the NiO(x) film was an excellent anode with the highest coloration efficiency of the films studied.