Assessing Experience in Articulating Species Protection Policies with Land Use Policies in California

California's experience implementing species protection laws illustrates both the necessity and challenges of articulating those policies with land use policies. Species protection increasingly relies on habitat protection achieved through land use controls. However, species protection policies are not well articulated with land use policies. The causes of this separation include a conceptual divide in theoretical orientation, different approaches to uncertainty in policy implementation and inadequate policy instruments.