Basic Science and Clinical Application of the Contrast Avoidance Model in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

被引:21
作者
Newman, Michelle G. [1 ]
Llera, Sandra J. [2 ]
Erickson, Thane M. [3 ]
Przeworski, Amy [4 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Psychol & Psychiat, University Pk, PA 16803 USA
[2] Towson Univ, Dept Psychol, Towson, MD USA
[3] Seattle Pacific Univ, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98119 USA
[4] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Psychol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
关键词
experiential avoidance; emotion; generalized anxiety disorder; models of GAD;
D O I
10.1037/a0037510
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
The Contrast Avoidance model (Newman & Llera, 2011) proposes that individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are excessively sensitive to negative emotional shifts (contrasts) in response to unpleasant events, and thus recruit a state of sustained intrapersonal negativity via worry as a defensive stance against such shifting states. Here we review the basic science related to environmental, psychological, and biological risk factors in the development of such emotional sensitivities in GAD, and present evidence supporting the position that worry and maladaptive interpersonal styles are employed as defensive strategies to protect against emotional contrasts. We present 2 case examples to elucidate these issues, as well as to introduce specific clinical recommendations for targeting and treating these behaviors. Suggestions for future avenues of research are also discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:155 / 167
页数:13
相关论文
共 61 条
[41]   Anticipatory Activation in the Amygdala and Anterior Cingulate in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Prediction of Treatment Response [J].
Nitschke, Jack B. ;
Sarinopoulos, Issidoros ;
Oathes, Desmond J. ;
Johnstone, Tom ;
Whalen, Paul J. ;
Davidson, Richard J. ;
Kalin, Ned H. .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 2009, 166 (03) :302-310
[42]   Association between abnormal psychosocial situations in childhood, generalized anxiety disorder and oppositional defiant disorder [J].
Nordahl, Hans M. ;
Wells, Adrian ;
Olsson, Craig A. ;
Bjerkeset, Ottar .
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 2010, 44 (09) :852-858
[43]  
Pruneti CA, 2010, J PSYCHOPATHOL-G PSI, V16, P43
[44]   Interpersonal Pathoplasticity in Individuals With Generalized Anxiety Disorder [J].
Przeworski, Amy ;
Newman, Michelle G. ;
Pincus, Aaron L. ;
Kasoff, Michele B. ;
Yamasaki, Alissa S. ;
Castonguay, Louis G. ;
Berlin, Kristoffer S. .
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2011, 120 (02) :286-298
[45]   The role of affect and rumination in cardiovascular recovery from stress [J].
Radstaak, Mirjam ;
Geurts, Sabine A. E. ;
Brosschot, Jos F. ;
Cillessen, Antonius H. N. ;
Kompier, Michiel A. J. .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, 2011, 81 (03) :237-244
[46]   An investigation of worry content among generally anxious individuals [J].
Roemer, L ;
Molina, S ;
Borkovec, TD .
JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE, 1997, 185 (05) :314-319
[47]   Temperament, development, and personality [J].
Rothbart, Mary K. .
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 2007, 16 (04) :207-212
[48]   History of childhood abuse in panic disorder, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder [J].
Safren, SA ;
Gershuny, BS ;
Marzol, P ;
Otto, MW ;
Pollack, MH .
JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE, 2002, 190 (07) :453-456
[49]   Prevalence and severity of mental health-related disability and relationship to diagnosis [J].
Sanderson, K ;
Andrews, G .
PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES, 2002, 53 (01) :80-86
[50]   Neurobiology and Genetics of Generalized Anxiety Disorder [J].
Schienle, Anne ;
Hettema, John M. ;
Caceda, Ricardo ;
Nemeroff, Charles B. .
PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS, 2011, 41 (02) :113-123