Asthma in Mexican school-age children is not associated with passive smoking or obesity

Background: Asthma has increased in various regions of the world. The factors associated with the growth in prevalence are still to be determined. Objective: To evaluate the degree of association of the prevalence of asthma with passive smoking and obesity in school-children in western Mexico. Methods: A population-based cross-section analytic study. A stratified random sample of 740 primary school pupils of between 6 and 12 years of age was chosen. Asthma, passive smoking and a background of allergic diseases were identified by means of a standardized questionnaire filled out by the parents of the participants. Obesity was identified by means of the body mass index. Proportional sections of population were estimated and the degree of association between asthma (dependent variable) and the independent variables was evaluated by means of multivariate logistic regression. Results: The following factors of prevalence were found: asthma 8.1%; obesity 19.9%; background of smoking in the father 6.7% and in the mother 13.3%. There was no significant association to be found with asthma in either passive smoking where one of the parents smoked (p = 0.39) or in obesity (p = 0.09). On the other hand, the background of allergic diseases in the mother showed statistically significant association with asthma in the boys (odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 8.59), but not in the girls. Conclusion: With the exception of the maternal background of allergy, neither obesity nor passive smoking are factors associated with asthma in Mexican children.