GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND STABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

This study was carried out with the aim of identifying eighteen breed of maize through season 2016 in three different environment allocation in central and southern Iraq (Wasit, Diwaniyah, Nasiriyah) to determine the most stable inbreed. The study involved planting the seed of the inbreeds (Inp-6, Pio-17, Syn-9, Zm-17, Pio-3, S-10, MGW-1 and Ast-B) different original using RCBD design to three replicates. The analysis of environmental genetic interference was carried out using linear regression method. The results showed significant differences between each of the inbreeds and location approved for the studied traits (ear length and number of rows in ear and the number of grains in the row and the grain yield of the plant). Establish stability for inbreed according to Eberhart and Russel (1966) mouthed. The result of the stability analysis, four of them (Inp-6, Pio-17, S-10, and Ast-B) showed high averages relative to the general average and the slope coefficients were to one within the two confidence intervals. It is the best in adopting to all environmental conditions. Inp-6 inbreed is superior to the ear length, which is 19.19 cm in length, while the Ast-B is superior in both rows of ear and plant yield, with 23.35 rows and 322.83 g respectively. While inbreed Inp-6 and Pio-17 in the number of grains per row were 15.41 seed per row and some inbreed showed that it is adapted to the new environmental conditions as in the inbreed (Ast-B, S-10 of Australian origin and Pio-17 Yugoslav origin, which exceeded the individual grain yield of the local in breeds at 322.83, 312.87 and 284.57 g / plant). The Ast - B inbreed highest components are sensitive to environmental changes and adapted to the conditions of the studied environments.